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🔎 Key takeaways
- Évolution de la rubrique ICPE 1510 : L'arrêté du 11 avril 2017 redéfinit les prescriptions générales de sécurité et d'environnement pour tous les entrepôts couverts stockant plus de 500 tonnes de matières combustibles.
- Distinction installations nouvelles / existantes : La réglementation s'applique pleinement aux installations « nouvelles » créées après le 16 avril 2017. Les sites antérieurs sont jugés « existants » mais restent soumis à des mises en conformité spécifiques.
- Exigences de sécurité renforcées : Pour les entrepôts existants, le texte impose de nouvelles contraintes opérationnelles : exercices d'évacuation semestriels, plans de défense incendie, présence de personnel de sécurité en cas d'indisponibilité des systèmes d'extinction, et réduction de la taille des cantons de désenfumage à 1 650 m².
- Une démarche de conformité ciblée : Les exploitants doivent impérativement se référer aux annexes IV, V et VI de l'arrêté pour identifier les exigences rétroactives précises qui s'appliquent à leur propre régime (autorisation, enregistrement ou déclaration).
The regulations for covered warehouses authorized, registered, and declared under heading 1510 have evolved. Consequently, the general requirements applicable to these warehouses are now defined by the decree of April 11, 2017.
I. Are Your Covered Warehouses Affected?
The covered warehouses storing at least 500 tons of combustible materials and products can be classified under heading 1510 of the nomenclature for classified facilities for environmental protection (ICPE) depending on their volume:
Examples of relevant materials: food oils, dairy products in their packaging, pallets, plastic films, textiles...
The exceptions are as follows:
- deposits used for storing categories of materials, products, or substances falling under the ICPE nomenclature (e.g., plastic materials classified under heading 2662 or 2663),
- buildings exclusively used for storing motor vehicles and their trailers,
- establishments open to the public (ERP),
- and cold storage warehouses.
II. General Requirements for Warehouses under Heading 1510
The decree of April 11, 2017, sets out the general requirements applicable to covered warehouses subject to authorization, declaration, or registration under heading 1510.
Furthermore, installations subject to heading 1510 that also fall under headings 1530, 1532, 2662, or 2663 are entirely governed by this decree of April 11, 2017.
1. Applicability of the Decree to New and Existing Installations
The decree fully applies to recent installations (defined as new installations in the regulations). These are installations for which at least one of the following criteria is after April 16, 2017:
- the declaration submission receipt,
- the start of the municipal consultation on the registration application,
- the signing of the decree initiating the public inquiry for the authorization request
However, if the application was submitted before July 1, 2017, the applicant could request a derogation from the prefect. This derogation allows the installation to be considered an existing installation rather than a new one.
Other installations are considered existing. For requirements related to fire resistance and behavior, the definitions provided by the technical standards in force at the time of the authorization and declaration registration must be taken into account.
Extensions or modifications of existing installations are considered new installations when they require the submission of either:
- a new declaration
- a new registration application
- an authorization request after July 1, 2017
- or when the operator requests it from the prefect and the installation complies with the decree
2. Content of the Decree
The decree is structured as follows:
The points of the decree that are applicable to existing installations are defined in annexes IV (authorization), V (registration), and VI (declaration).
3. For existing installations
This decree imposes rules that are very similar to the decrees it repealed. It also clarifies certain definitions, such as:
- bulk and mass-stored materials are thus defined more precisely
- new zones are defined (order preparation or reception) to exempt them from certain obligations.
Main requirements for existing installations:
- the establishment of a fire defense plan now applies to all authorized warehouses;
- in the event of a disaster, the operator must carry out an assessment of its environmental and health impact;
- the operator of an authorized or registered warehouse must organize an evacuation drill every 6 months;
- the maximum area of smoke extraction zones is now 1,650 m² compared to 1,600 m² previously;
- the operator must now define the necessary measures to reduce the risk of fire during the temporary unavailability of the automatic fire suppression system. Personnel trained in fire safety tasks must be continuously present during this period;
- the instructions must include: measures to continuously update and inform fire and rescue services of the location of hazardous materials, as well as provisions to be implemented during the unavailability of fire-fighting equipment.
Conclusion
If you operate a warehouse subject to heading 1510, regardless of your submission regime (declaration, registration, or authorization), this decree applies to you.
Regarding the applicable requirements, it is important to study annexes IV (authorization), V (registration), and VI (declaration). This will allow you to determine which ones are truly applicable to you. You will be able to identify any new potential requirements for your site.
The points mentioned above will help you with this consideration.